Information Systems, Not Computer Science

Information Systems, Not Computer Science The largest growth in most economies is coming from information industries. The success of such knowledge-based organisations lies in their information systems. Also, forced by technological change and globalisation of markets, many manufacturing industries are also placing increasing emphasis upon information systems. Information systems are more than just computer programs. Though information and communications technologies are playing an increasing role in meeting organisations information needs, an information system is a much more general concept. It refers to the wider systems of people, data and activities, both computer-based and manual, that effectively gather, process, store and disseminate organisations information 2.0 Information Systems not Computer Science Information systems, as a discipline, focuses on exploring the interface between management, information science and computer science. Computer Science focuses on information technology: software. Information Systems mediates the two opposing worlds of human activity systems and information technology 3.0 Information Systems and the Modern Organization 3.1 Outline Competitive Advantage and Strategic Information Systems Evolution of Information Systems Classification of Information Systems The Modern Computing Environment Managing Information Resources 3.2 Learning Objectives Describe Porters competitive forces model. Discuss strategies that companies can use to achieve competitive advantage in their industries. Describe strategic information system (SISs) and how information technology helps companies improve their competitive positions. Describe various information systems and their evolution. Learn major Information System classification schemes. Describe the emerging computing environments. Describe how information resources are managed and the roles of the information systems department and the end users 4.0 Competitive advantage and SIS Competitive Advantage: An advantage over competitors in some measure such as cost, quality, or speed, which leads to control of a market and to larger than average profits. 4.1 Competitive forces model A business framework, devised by Michael Porter, for analyzing competitiveness by looking at five major forces that might alter a firms competitive standing. 4.2 Porters five forces Model 4.3 Strategies for Competitive Advantage Cost Leadership. Produce products and/or services at the lowest cost in the industry. Differentiation. Offer different products, services or product features. Customer orientation. Concentrate on making customers happy so that they remain loyal. New markets. Discover new markets either as a means of expansion and growth, or with the goal of capturing market niches. Innovation. Introduce new products and services, add new features to existing products and services or develop new ways to produce them. Operational Effectiveness. Improve the manner in which internal business processes are executed so that a firm performs similar activities better than its rivals. Discussion: Which of these strategies can be enhanced by the use of IS/IT, and how? 4.4 Strategic Information Systems (SISs) Systems that help an organization gain a competitive advantage through their contribution to the strategic goals of an organization and / or their ability to significantly increase performance and productivity. 4.5 IS Related Organizational Responses Strategic Systems may provide advantages that enable organizations to increase market share and/or profits, to better negotiate with suppliers, or prevent competitors from entering their markets. Customer Focus is the idea of attracting and keeping customers by providing superb customer service. Can be enhanced by use of IS/IT. Made-to-Order. is a strategy of producing customized products and services. Mass Customization is producing a large quantity of items, but customizing them to fit the desire of each customer. E business and Ecommerce. Is the strategy of doing business electronically. Discussion: Which Information Systems would be strategic for: An university An online book store A car manufacturer? 5.0 Evolution of Information Systems The first business application of computers (in the mid1950s) performed repetitive, high volume, transaction computing tasks. The computers crunched numbers summarizing and organizing transactions and data in the accounting, finance, and human resources areas. Such systems are generally called transaction processing systems (TPSs). Management Information Systems (MISs): these systems access, organize, summarize and display information for supporting routine decision making in the functional areas. Office Automation Systems (OASs): such as word processing systems were developed to support office and clerical workers. Decision Support Systems: were developed to provide computer based support for complex, or no routine decision making. End-user computing: The use or development of information systems by the principal users of the systems outputs, such as analysts, managers, and other professionals. Knowledge Management Systems: support creating, gathering, organizing, integrating and disseminating of an organization knowledge. Data Warehousing: A data warehouse is a database designed to support DSS, ESS and other analytical and end-user activities. Intelligent Support System (ISSs): Include expert systems which provide the stored knowledge of experts to non experts, and a new type of intelligent systems with machine learning capabilities that can learn from historical cases. Mobile Computing: Information systems that support employees who are working with customers or business partners outside the physical boundaries of their companies; can be done over wire line or wireless networks. 6.0 Classification of Information Systems The two most common classifications are: Classification by breath of support Classification by organizational level. 6.1 Classification by Breath of Support Typical information systems that follow the hierarchical organization structure are functional (departmental), enterprisewide and interorganizational Functional information systems are organized around the traditional departments. Enterprise information systems serve several departments or the entire enterprise. Inter organizational systems connect two or more organizations. An organizations supply chain describe the flow of materials, information, money, and service from raw material suppliers through factories and warehouses to the end customers. IT provides two major types of software solution for managing supply chain activities: Enterprise Resource Planning ( ERP), Supply Chain Management (SCM) 6.2 Departmental, corporate, and inter organizational IS 6.3 IT outside your organization 6.3 Classification by Organization Levels The typical enterprise is organized hierarchically, from the clerical and office worker layer, to the operational layer, the managerial layer, the knowledge worker layer and finally the strategic layer. 6.4 Levels in an Organization 6.5 The Clerical Level Clerical workers constitute a large class of employees who support managers at all levels of the company. Among clerical workers, those who use, manipulate, or disseminate information are referred to as data workers. These employees include bookkeepers, secretaries who work with word processors, electronic file clerks, and insurance claim processors. 6.6 The Operational Level Operational or first line managers deal with the day to day operations of the organization, making routine decisions, which deal in general with activities such as short-term planning, organizing, and control 6.7 The Knowledge Work Level They act as advisors and assistants to both top and middle management and are often subject area experts. Many of these professional workers are classified as knowledge workers, people who create information and knowledge as part of their work and integrate it into the business. 6.8 The Strategic Level Top-level or strategic managers (the executives) make decisions that deal with situations that may significantly change the manner in which business is done. 7.0 The Modern Computing Environment Computing Environment: The way in which an organizations information technologies (hardware, software, and communications technology) are organized and integrated for optimal efficiency and effectiveness. Legacy system: Older systems, typically those that process an organizations high volume transactions that are central to the operations of a business. 8.0 Managing Information Resources Information resources includes hardware, software, data, networks, applications etc. Management includes acquisition, introduction, support. Traditionally, department (ISD IS department) owns, manages and controls all resources End-user computing: employees use computers, write applications, manage data etc. Leads to fragmented management and need for cooperation between ISD and users Who is responsible for which resources? Includes financial responsibilities (contracts between users and ISD IT controlling) Discussion: What are the possible problems associated with: Complete control at ISD, and Complete control for end-users? Which factors in a company would lead to which outcome Chief Information Officer (CIO): sometimes member of top management, nowadays no longer technical, but strategic function IT Governance: à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦ the leadership and organisational structures and processes that ensure that the organisations IT sustains and extends the organisations strategies and objectives. Framework for IT Governance: COBIT Control Objectives for IT and related Technologies Mandated for Turkish banks in 2006 Domains: Plan and Organize, Acquire and Implement, Deliver and Support, Monitor and Evaluate COBIT 9.0 The information system strategies implementation in UK companies 9.1 Strategic process formality Business strategy relationship % companies The ISS is a formal documented part of the business strategy 47.5 There is no formal documentation, but the ISS is related to specific strategic aims 41.8 The ISS is a departmental function, rather than a corporate function 6.4 The ISS is not seen as related to the business strategy 0.0 9.2 Success of strategies 9.4 Conclusion: Collective intelligence and knowledge management can become effective mechanisms to help avoid the disturbances leading to internal disequilibrium within the organisation. Collective intelligence and knowledge management can remediate the negative effects of the instability of environment. The information and knowledge become raw materials for the intelligent organisation; their management requires simple solutions. Life cycle for products and services is getting shorter; the markets are global, fragmented by the needs and exigencies of the clients. The organisational culture evolves according to the aggregate strategy. The role of knowledge manager is to invest in the acquisition and dissemination of knowledge, leaving the employees to capitalise their personal competence

Water Girl :: Original Writing

Anne stood on the beach, paralysed with fear. Around her she could vaguely hear the sound of her mother’s terrified screams. She knew there was something she had to do, but her mind was blank, and her legs wouldn’t move. Then, a memory filled her mind. A horrible memory... She was standing on another beach, a small, cold beach. Preparing to go into the water for a swim, when she heard a scream. Looking up, she saw her best friend, Amelia, wave her hand frantically, and then she went under. At first, Anne thought it was a joke. "Huh, just like Amelia to do something like this". But when her friend didn’t resurface, Anne started to panic. She started running, and then swam, for her friend’s life depended on it. The current was so strong. Anne’s mind was swirling. What was she going to do? The water kept pulling her back towards the shore. Then Anne caught a glimpse of Amelia, being swept away into the vast ocean†¦ A few days later, Anne was standing on the alter of St. Brigids church, reading a special poem that she had written in the memory of Amelia. As she was reading the second verse ,when a verge of tears suddenly washed over her, and she knew she couldn’t go on. She finally whispered, "I love you Amelia, please forgive me", before running off the alter... Anne’s little brother, Joe, was playing on the beach, building a sand-castle. Nobody noticed when he toddled off into the water. Suddenly, his mother started screaming at the top of her lungs. "Joe! Oh my God, Joe!" Every body looked to where she was pointing. Sure enough, there was Joe, a good bit out from the shore. And he was in trouble. Suddenly, Anne’s memories of Joe came flooding back. His laugh, his little cheeky smile. She loved her little brother, with all her might .She had to do something! And fast! Anne raced towards the water. She swam with fast, powerful strokes. She could see Joe’s little face bobbing in the water. Then for a moment it disappeared. Finally she reached the spot where he went down. Water Girl :: Original Writing Anne stood on the beach, paralysed with fear. Around her she could vaguely hear the sound of her mother’s terrified screams. She knew there was something she had to do, but her mind was blank, and her legs wouldn’t move. Then, a memory filled her mind. A horrible memory... She was standing on another beach, a small, cold beach. Preparing to go into the water for a swim, when she heard a scream. Looking up, she saw her best friend, Amelia, wave her hand frantically, and then she went under. At first, Anne thought it was a joke. "Huh, just like Amelia to do something like this". But when her friend didn’t resurface, Anne started to panic. She started running, and then swam, for her friend’s life depended on it. The current was so strong. Anne’s mind was swirling. What was she going to do? The water kept pulling her back towards the shore. Then Anne caught a glimpse of Amelia, being swept away into the vast ocean†¦ A few days later, Anne was standing on the alter of St. Brigids church, reading a special poem that she had written in the memory of Amelia. As she was reading the second verse ,when a verge of tears suddenly washed over her, and she knew she couldn’t go on. She finally whispered, "I love you Amelia, please forgive me", before running off the alter... Anne’s little brother, Joe, was playing on the beach, building a sand-castle. Nobody noticed when he toddled off into the water. Suddenly, his mother started screaming at the top of her lungs. "Joe! Oh my God, Joe!" Every body looked to where she was pointing. Sure enough, there was Joe, a good bit out from the shore. And he was in trouble. Suddenly, Anne’s memories of Joe came flooding back. His laugh, his little cheeky smile. She loved her little brother, with all her might .She had to do something! And fast! Anne raced towards the water. She swam with fast, powerful strokes. She could see Joe’s little face bobbing in the water. Then for a moment it disappeared. Finally she reached the spot where he went down.

William Blake; The schoolboy Essay -- English Literature

William Blake; The schoolboy William Blake believed in freedom of speech, democracy and ‘free love’, for these reasons he disagreed strongly with formal education and conventional teaching in both schools and churches. He believed that this constrained people stopping them from having their own thoughts. Blake believed that children who were not given a formal education would want to learn off their own accord making learning more fun and enjoyable for the child. Blake portrays these opinions in the poem ‘The schoolboy’; which he chose to write in the voice of ‘the schoolboy’ himself, to stand up for children who’s views on schooling are rarely acknowledged. Blake’s decision to use a definite article in the title; ‘The schoolboy’ shows that the poem is a biographical piece about a specific schoolboy, and allows Blake to voice his own opinions as if they were that of a school child provoking more sympathy from the reader than would simply expressing his own views, therefore making his opinions on formal education more persuasive. The poem uses strong themes of nature throughout; the first verse describes a sense of harmony between the schoolboy and nature through a positive description of the sounds of the birds which the schoolboy awakes to hear. Pathetic fallacy is used relating the ‘summer’ morn to the schoolboy’s joy for being awoken in this way. The second verse starts with the conjunction ‘but’ to link the two verses, yet show the contrast in mood between them. This negative verse outlines the child’s dread of school and brings the reader back to reality after the dream-like feel to the first stanza. The line ‘under a cruel eye outworn’ suggests that the children are exhausted by school, personif... ...is used throughout the poem referring to the stages of a person’s life as the seasons in the year, the last stanza uses this metaphor to insinuate that a persons childhood is the most important time because if they don’t learn how to have fun in the spring of their life they will not know how to enjoy themselves in the summer of life. This makes the last line of the poem particularly effective ‘when the blasts of winter appear’ as people rarely think about how the way they live their childhood will effect their later lives, this rhetorical question makes the reader contemplate whether a formal education in an early life is worth facing the regrets it will cause them to live with in later life looking back upon few happy memories. And maybe learning the joys of life and how to live to the fullest is the most important lesson to be learned within childhood.

Understanding The Yellow Wallpaper -- Yellow Wallpaper essays

Understanding The Yellow Wallpaper      Ã‚   There are more reported cases of clinical depression in women than their are in men. There is also, generalized in western cultures, a stereotype that women are fragile and should be more dedicated to maintaining the home, doing feminine things, that they shouldn't work, and be discouraged from intellectual thinking. In the Victorian period (1837-1901) aside from women's suffragette movements the Victorian woman usually upheld this stereotype of a well behaved wife, more or less a possession then an individual. However, there were a few who defied the odds and took it to heart to let the world know about the indifference's that they went through. Charlotte Perkins Gilman, feminist, was one of these women who used her writing to express the differences and hardships women went through. One of her more famous works, the Yellow Wallpaper, is known as both a feminist piece and a depiction of Victorian life and indifferences for women. It is a piece that can have controversial me anings that can be taken to heart to why Gilman ever wrote it.    "The Yellow Wallpaper" has a simple enough story, the woman is taken to a rented house to recover from a nervous depression that she was experiencing. The depression was something common in women of the time, especially in more upper class women with little to do. The antidote " the cure" was developed by a Weir Mitchell, for psychoneurosies, in theory a women should inhibit herself from any kind of work or thinking and to get as much fresh air as possible. The heroine is subjected to this cure. Having been confined to a room in the house she starts imagining things in the wallpaper that she hates so much. However, as the story progresses it i... ...it to show that kind of diversity. She probably wanted a release, to share her life, to get back at the Wier Cure, to show the injustice brought to women of the period and to probably just be creative. In finding reviews and biographies on Gilman one does not find too many bad words written on her. She is held as a very prestigious writer. As for the yellow wallpaper it really expands the minds and makes one have to sit back and analyze what was really going on.    Works Cited    Gilman, Charlotte Perkins. Why I Wrote "The Yellow Wallpaper"? http://www.cwrl.utexas.edu/ daniel/amlit/wallpaper/Whywrote.html    Korb, Rena. An Overview of "The Yellow Wallpgper," in Exploring Short Stories Literature Resource Center. Gale Research, 1998.    Stone, Les. Charlotte (Anna) Perkins (Stetson) Gilman. Contemporary A uthors Online. The Gale Group, 2000.

Assignment on Annual Report

Assignment On Mercantile Bank Limited Annual Report for the year ended 31st December, 2009 Topics are to be discussed here (Context) 01. Letter to Transmittal 02. Notice of 11th Annual General Meeting 03. Mission, Vision & Objectives 04. MBL Timeline 05. Credit Rating 06. Sponsors of the Bank 07. Board of Directors 08. Corporate Structure 09. Management Team 10. Head Office & Branch Network 11. Where We Locate 12. Financial Summary 13. Economic Impact Report 14. Message from the Chairman 15. From the Desk of Managing Directors and CEO 16. Directors’ Report 17. Managing Directors and CEO’s Report on Risk Management 18. Report on Corporate Governance 19. Compliance Report on SEC Notification 20. Report of Audit Committee 21. Report on Corporate Social Responsibility 22. Report on Customer Service 23. Report on Human Capital 24. Recognition 25. Signing of Financial Statements 26. Auditors’ Report 27. Financial Statements 28. Notes to the Financial Statements 29. Annexure A-G 30. Highlights of Mercantile Bank Limited 1. Letter to Transmittal: Here the Executive Vice President and Company Secretary wrote a letter to all shareholders informing the important items of the Annual Report. Such as Balance Sheet, Income Statement, Cash Flow Statement of the year. 2. Notice of 11th Annual General Meeting: In the notice the date, year, day, time and place of the AGM clearly (in bold letter) described. Important Agenda also represented in the notice. There are 5 Agenda are mentioned. In addition 6 footer Notes also published here. Important notes are record date of the share (March 07, 2010), amount of dividend (22%) etc. Executive Vice President and Company Secretary give his signature with date. 3. Vision, Mission & Objectives: The Vision of the back is make finest corporate institution. Mission is making the make profitable by caring, equitable growth by required and proper distribution of recourses. Strategic Objectives: to positive Economic Value Added, market leader in product innovation, achieve cost efficiency, be in the top five financial institution in Bangladesh. Financial Objectives: to achieve stable (? 20%) return on shareholders’ equity. Moreover Core value for Customers, Shareholders, Employees and Community 4. MBL Timeline: Here the development of Mercantile Bank Limited stated. It started incorporation in business and commercialization in 1999. Circulated Primary Share (IPO) in 2003. Got listed in both Bangladesh Stock Exchanges (Dhaka & Chittagong) in 2004 and end of year 2009 it has 50 braches all over the country. 5. Credit Rating: As per Credit Rating and information Services Limited (CRISL), Mercantile Bank Limited rated as â€Å"A† (Pronounced as Single A) in the long term and ST-2 rating in the short term on the basis of Financial Statements as on December 31, 2008. High certainty of timely payments, strong liquidity factors, good company fundamentals, easy excess to capital market and minimal risk factors are the key issues of the rating. 6. Sponsors of the Bank: Here the 27 sponsors’ names with photos are representing clearly. 7. Board of Directors: 22 Directors’ name and photo with their designation stated here. There are 1 Chairman, 2 Vice Chairmen and 18 Directors and 1 Managing Director and CEO in the Bank managing committee. 8. Corporate Structure: In Corporate Structure there are 8 different government body represented. Including Board of Directors (22 persons), Executive Committee (18 persons), Audit Committee (3 persons), Managing Director & CEO (1 person), Chief Financial Officer (1 person), Company Secretary (1 person), Auditors (2 persons) and Tax Advisor (1 person). . Management Team: Here the detail list of different managing committee separately represented with their designation. There are 10 categories of designation. Such as Managing Director & CEO, Additional Managing Director, principal, Deputy Managing Director, Senior Executive Vice Presidents, Executive Vice Presidents, Senior Vice Presidents, Vice Preside nts, First Vice Presidents and Assistant Vice Presidents. 10. Head Office & Branch Network: Under this title the details addresses of bank’s all 50 banking branches, SME braches and Brokerage House with Phone, Mobile and Fax number given. 1. Where We Locate: Here the map of Bangladesh given and all 53 (3 SME/Agro Branches) branches marked by company’s logo under district wise. 12. Financial Summary: Under Financial Summary Company’s last 5 years Net Interest Margin (NIM), Profit after Tax, Return on Assets (ROA), Cost Income Ratio, Return on Equity (ROE), Operating Efficiency Ratio and in the last 8 years comparable company’s Income Statement, Balance Sheet, Foreign Exchange Business, BIS Capital Measure, Credit Quality, Share Information, Operating Performance Ratio and Other Information represented. 3. Economic Impact Report: Here Economic Impact described in two ways; Direct Impact and Indirect Impact. Direct Impact are employment opportunities, paymen t of tax to the government, increase value to the Shareholders. Indirect Impact created by catering financial services, Bank generated wealth in the economy and profit for itself which is ultimately distributed amongst the shareholders and other participants in different form. In 2009, total value added by MBL was BDT 2,559. 96 (millions) and direct contribution to the economy was BDT 855. 26 (millions). There are two value added statements (Economic and Market) showed by column chart. A pie chart showed for distribution of Value Addition (maximum for government tax 33. 4%). Bank added BDT 129. 5 (million) under Economic Value Addition and BDT 4229. 48 (million) under Market Value Addition. 14. Message from the Chairman: At the first of the message the Chairman invited Shareholders to the 11th Annual General Meeting. There are some topics the Chairman discussed briefly. Those are: World Economy in 2009: here the impact of sub-prime mortgages landslip discussed. Bangladesh Economy in 2009: here the benefit of growth Bangladesh economy in the particular year stated. Performance of the Bank in 2009: here the actual amount of bank’s deposits collection, loan and advance, import business, export business and foreign remittance described. Diversified Business Activities of the Bank: under this section the details activity of bank represented here. Such as Deposits, Loan and Advances, Import & Export Business and Inward Foreign Remittance. SME: here bank’s SME structure described. Card Business: here bank’s different card business represented. Such as Credit card, Debit Card, VISA dual prepaid card, VISA Dual Hajj Card. Described it’s features and services. Corporate Governance Practice: here the responsibilities and activities of Board of Directors to the business operation represented. CSR Programs: here the guideline of management of the bank informs the board on CSR activities and is responsible to implement a specific line of approving authority, control and monitoring for financial support of such activities. Customer Service: here the Chairman describe how the bank server to the customer for achieve highest customer satisfaction. Human Resources Development: here the promotion and intensives to the employees represented for their superior performance. Recognition and Award: here the different achievements and rewards stated that in 2009 the bank gets thorough out the year. Future Outlook: here the challenges and opportunities for the bank in upcoming years described thoroughly. Challenges in 2010: here the economic effect on the bank in year 2010 is represented. Such as global downturn, slower growth of exports and workers’ remittance etc. Acknowledgement: here the Chairman gives his thank you notes and committed a stable growth of back where shareholder can rely on. 15. From the Desk of Managing Directors and CEO: Here the CEO describes the banks’ situation in the year 2009. He also represented Bank’s performance during the year 2009, its prospects and potential challenges in 2010. Such as Positive Growth: A Step Further: describing here the growth of the bank during the year. Prospects in 2010: he describe the opportunity, hope for the bank in upcoming year. Reviewing Our Business in 2009: here the business operation during the year stated clearly. Assets and Liabilities Position, International Business, MBL’s Products and Services, MBL’s Card Business, Agro-Based Financing, SME Financing, Our Priorities, Operation, Customer Relationship, Technology, Human Capital Development, Corporate Social Responsibilities (CSR), MBL Brokerage House, Mobile Banking, Commitment to Government, Base I-II Capital Accord, Anti Money Laundering, Network Expansion, Challenges in 2010, Our Preparation and Acknowledgement are the main topics he discussed. 6. Directors’ Report: The parts of the Director’s Report are World Economy, Bangladesh Economy (GDP, Inflation, Investment and Saving, Broad Money, Domestic Credit, Export, Import, Trade Balance, Remittance, Foreign Exchange Market, Prospect of Bangladesh Economy in 2010), Business Review (Deposit and Deposit Mix, Loan and Advance, Import Trade, Export Trade, Foreign Remittance, Treasury Operation and Fund Management, Earning Base in Assets, Asset Portfolio, Funding Structure, Capital, Statutory Reserve, Capital Adequacy, Number of Shareholders, Contribution to National Exchequer and Economy, Acquisition of IDLC Share, Purchase of Land, Branch Network, Board of Directors, Board and Committee Meeting, Corporate and Financial Reporting, External Auditors, Correspondence Relationship , R&D, Information Technology, Financial Products and Services, Different Deposit Products, Different Loan Products), Financial Review (Different Profit Incomes, Different Expenses, Different Tax, Dividend, EPS, O/E Ratio), Outlook 2010 and Acknowledgement are represented here. After that it repeated in Bengali Language. 17. Managing Directors and CEO’s Report on Risk Management: Here start with basic discussion on Risk Management. Such as Risk Management Realities, Approach, Oversight, Process etc. And later describe different types of Risk Management described with photo and tree table. Such as Credit Risk Management, Market Risk Management, Interest Rate Risk Management, Foreign Exchange Risk Management, Operational Risk Management, Internal Control and Compliance Risk Management, Equity Risk Management, Money Laundering Risk Management, Information Technology Risk Management, Liquidity Risk Management, Marketing Related Risk Management, Human Resource Related Risk Management etc. 18. Report on Corporate Governance: At first different names of Corporate Governance with responsibility and duty in the bank represented. Such as Board Of Directors, Board’s Supporting Committee, Management Committee, Control Environment Committee. Each of every committee are presented with meetings photo. 19. Compliance Report on SEC Notification: It is the notification issued by The Security and Exchange Commission for all listed companies in order to improve Corporate Governance on ‘Comply or Explain’ basis. There are three tables. First is Complied or Not Complied table. Only 3 rules are not complied by the bank among 43 rules which are under review. In second table the numbers with names of Directors attained Board Meeting during the year. And the last one is The Patter of Shareholding where shows the nos. and percentage of shares hold by Directors. 20. Report of Audit Committee: Here the name of Auditor with photo presented. And also some other topics such as composition of the Audit Committee, Role of the Audit Committee, Internal Control, Meetings, Financial Reporting, Internal Audit and Inspection, External Audit, Regulatory Compliance and Miscellaneous issues given here. 21. Report on Corporate Social Responsibility: Here the roles and responsibilities of the bank toward society described. In this section a table shows how much the bank contributed their profit to the society. The highest donation went to health sector. MBL has slogan to be the â€Å"Banglar Bank†. MBL has given different awards to different sectors. Photos and arenas are mentioned here. 22. Report on Customer Service: The importance of customer to the bank is presented here. Some core demands of customer are fulfilling by the back. Such as Bringing Mass and More people into the Banking net, Addressing Unique Needs of the Customers, Meeting Demand of Customers through Alternative Banking Channels, Response from the People etc. 23. Report on Human Capital: In this topic the process of giving service in effective manner the back took some steps such as Nursing the People with Utmost Care, Recruiting the Best People (bonus, promotion, recognition, training etc), Managing the people, Performance from the People etc. 24. Recognition: An award giving ceremony’s (ICAB Award-2008) photo given here. 25. Signing of Financial Statements: Here a photograph of Directors represented where they all present there for signing Financial Statements – 2009. 26. Auditors’ Report: At first Auditors declared those elements that they audited. Such as Balance Sheet, Profit and Loss account, Cash Flow Statement, Statement of Changes in Equity, Statements of Liquidity Analysis and Explanatory notes to Financial Statements. Also mention their responsibilities. In the auditor’s report they include Scope, Opinion (14 opinions), Auditors Firm Names, Auditor Signatures, Auditor Designation, Place and Date. 27. Financial Statements: In the Financial Statements there are 7 part of it. At first there is Balance Sheet (Classified Statement of all types of Assets and Liabilities), then Off-Balance Sheet Items (Contingent Liabilities and Other Commitments), Profit and Loss Account (Include all types of Incomes and Expenses, Provisions, Appropriations etc. , Cash Flow Statement (Net Cash Inflow and Outflow recorded here), Statement of Changes in Equity (Capital gain/reserve and losses/dividend), Liquidity Statement (assets and liabilities maturity analysis), Notes to the Financial Statements (details of financial statement such a s calculations, principals, disclosures etc). 28. Annexure A-G: In Annexure A all related asset’s depreciation charges calculated here, Annexure B described number of shares hold by Directors with their positions, Annexure C represented different Investment in Shares during the year. Annexure D stated market adjustment of approved Securities HTM and HFT shares. Annexure E mentioned maturity analysis of other assets (like as advanced deposits, stamps in hand etc. , Annexure F represented Compliance of BAS and BFRS (among 29 BAS 6 are not applied and among 4 BFRS none are applied), Annexure G provide Computation of Risk- Weighted Assets list. 29. Highlights of Mercantile Bank Limited: Here all necessary information towards the investors are presented here, such as paid-up capital, total assets, total deposits, ROA, ROI, EPS, NI per share, P/E Ratio etc. 30. Proxy Form: It is the application printed and provided by the firm to shareholders incase of his absence, shareholder can give voting power to his nominated person. Need to fill up the gaps and attach revenue stamps and send to the authority before particular date. It has two parts, one for office and other for shareholder. ————-END————–

Important Of Accountability

Accountability is the act of accepting ownership over action and their contribution to the organization. Leadership and staff can influence large and small group and empower them to meet the objectives for the organization. The purpose of this paper discusses accountability in health care industry, and employee accountability. How accountability applies to ethical consideration in leadership and management, check-and-balance process, and accountability affect working culture. Why is accountability important in the health care industry?Concerning accountability, there are three levels to consider first, organizational accountability second, management accountability last, worker accountability. They share information to keep those who need to know. They set goals for themselves and people, and their team, and they explain how those goals measured. They monitor the goals and provide feedback. They consider potential outcome of their action, and decision. They take responsibility for th eir action as well as those people under them. They learn from their mistake, and help others learn from their.Health care industry set specific mandates and requirements for financial reporting, which sets deadline for compliance and rules and requirement (Turk, 2012). The integrity in the accounting standard applies to government and business practices (Turk, 2012). Organizations need to take responsibility for their action. The key component is to continue monitoring goals and objective. The accountability begins at the top and encompasses each level of the organization. How is an employee’s accountability measured in the health care industry?Employee accountability is the same as manager accountability, and the expectations should held accountable for meeting or not meeting these expectation. The biggest problem is communicating that why everyone understands the expectation of the company. The goals for the individual are used to measure success. The expectation includes attitude, work ethic, and skills, work habits this has to be understood so that the supervisor and employee have the same understanding (Turk, 2012). When expectation of the employee is met, the organization rewards him.If they are not met the organization resolve the problem, or consequence come behind the mistake. Leadership need to have feedback sessions with their employee to let him know positive and negative outcome, and recognize him in front of his peers. The goals are to admit their mistake and learn from them. How does accountability apply to ethnical consideration in leadership and management? The United States health care system faces challenges in providing quality health care to diverse population (Napoles-Springer, 2005).The effort to identify the culturally health care from the perspective of ethnically and diverse in detail to define cultural competence level of medical encounter are lacking the skills, and knowledge to identify the different cultural values and pra ctices (Napoles-Springer, 2005). The measure could used to access how cultural competence of provider is associated with patient outcomes (Napoles-Springer, 2005). The cultural competence measure the quality of health care associated with patient outcome.The ethnical responsibility carries certain degree of respect, cooperation, share knowledge, and teamwork. The problems arise with staff members and department, but building rapport with the department can improve the work experience, and the experience of patient treated through the health care industry. The employer ethnical responsibly are to orientation and training on new and existing equipment, empowered employees to be more productive, and happy with his job.There should be a chain of command where staff member could resolve issues What does check-and-balances process look like in a successful organization? The check-and-balance process support employee ensures a transparent working environment, and keep ethical employee from manipulate and intimidate by others. The proper check-and-balance prevents individuals ignoring ethical guidelines, and deters bad behavior. An organization structuring a set of check-and-balance needs where problems develop and how they can fix it.The process start with leaderships they must become aware and involved in the organization. The organization should have tight control and failure to follow policy and procedure will be deal with. Leadership must act ethically and insisting that the staff do the same. Leadership must be on guard for that area where ethical lapse occurs and provide the check-and-balance to prevent them. How does accountability affect an organization’s working culture?Health care industry shares the fundamental commitment to enhance the quality of care for those needing health care service, and create effective health care delivery system (American College of Healthcare Executive, 2010). The goal is to create a workplace that attracts and keeps the best employee with the opportunity for personal and professional development, which includes education, specialty training, and access to career goal. Mutual respect and care create a work environment, which everyone believes valued and appreciated, and looking forward to go to work every day.Communication is critical for a company set up regular meeting invite feedback. Encourage employee to contribute innovative and quality ideas. Coordinate and monitoring activity keep focus on goals and action. Provide accurate information to employee, and ensure that the action is consistent with the company objective and goals, and established deadline when task must be complete, and review task ongoing and in progress (American College of Healthcare Executive, 2010) How can you maintain a positive working culture and avoid a working culture of blame?A positive workplace lead to increased in productivity, better employee morale, and the ability to keep skilled worker (McFarlin, 2012). First a clear vision or mission for the organization this defines the foundation of the organization. Second, hired positive employee an individual with friendly smile, upbeat personality, handles conflict, and interact with others. Third, establish an open-door-policy be accessible to the staff, have one-on-one meeting listen to feedback both positive and negative.Fourth, communicate with the staff keep them inform on what is going on with the organization be honest with the staff about upcoming changes in the organization. Last recognized the staff accomplishment, and establish reward system for excellent performance, and thank an employee for a job well done. Encourage staff member to recruit potential employee. The employee will have a better feel of which he want to work with, and the goal is to promote a positive work environment (McFarlin, 2012). ConclusionIn conclusion this paper discusses accountability in health care industry, employee’s accountability, the ethical consider ation in leadership, and management. The checks-and-balances process and the accountability work culture. Accountability must begin at the top and run through the organization. Accountability in health care industry must have good communication; defined goals at each level, monitoring feedback, consequences are part of the process. The responsibility of the organization holds staff accountability for the outcome of health care.

Macbeth the Play

Throughout the play Macbeth and Lady Macbeth together demonstrate how ambition can turn a loyal soldier into a bloodthirsty murderer with his scheming and devious wife turning weak and disturbed as ambition slowly destroys her. Macbeth’s ambition to become king of Scotland turn’s him independent and ruthless. â€Å"The dead butcher and fiend-like queen†, is an accurate description as this is all they amount to. At the start of the play Macbeth is a loyal soldier returning from the civil war. The witches tell Macbeth that he will become Thane of Glamis, Thane of Cawdor and King of Scotland.The witch’s prophecies make Macbeth ambitious and tap into pre-existing ambition. Macbeth believes these prophecies as the first of his prophecies has been fulfilled. Afterwards the second prophecy is carried out. Immediately Macbeth thinks of murdering King Duncan so the third of his prophecies will be fulfilled even though he is horrified by the idea. Lady Macbethâ€⠄¢s greed makes her determined the third prophecy will come true. But believes Macbeth is not capable of murdering Duncan but will provoke him. When Lady Macbeth hears the news that that Duncan is coming to visit she believes it is the ideal opportunity to kill Duncan.Lady Macbeth calls on the spirits of darkness and evil to replace her nurturing and feminine qualities with remorseless cruelty. Macbeth is appalled of the thought of killing his king and can think of many reasons for not going ahead with the murder. So Lady Macbeth manipulates him by accusing him of being a coward and unmanly, until he agrees to proceed with the murder. Lady Macbeth presents her plan that when Duncan’s servants are asleep, he will enter Duncan’s chamber and kill him. Macbeth carries out this murder so the third prophecies will be fulfilled.It is demonstrated that ambition and greed can influence Macbeth and Lady Macbeth to commit murder and therefore the description, â€Å"The dead butc her and fiend-like queen,† is accurate as this is all they amount to. Macbeth’s ambition to become king was a large sacrifice as he becomes a blood-thirsty murderer. After killing the king he begins to turn into the â€Å"dead butcher†. As Macbeth’s ambition leads Macbeth into committing these horrendous murders. After killing the king he also kills Duncan’s servants to make it seem as if they killed the king and so no one would suspect him. â€Å"O, yet I do repent me of my fury, that I did kill them.†Act 2, Scene 3 (page 95) Macbeth claiming he killed the servants in rage however he killed them as they would of suspected him. Macbeth continues his heartless murders by hiring murderers to kill Banquo and Fleance as Macbeth becomes obsessed with Banquo’s prophecies that he will be, â€Å"Lesser than Macbeth, and greater. † Macbeth convinces the murderers that Banquo is there enemy and deserves to be killed. Macbeth promises the murderers that he will remove them from the general list and place them on the special list to move them from a low class of society and put them in the high class.Macbeth’s ambition to become king was a large sacrifice as he becomes a blood-thirsty murderer. After killing the king he begins to turn into the â€Å"dead butcher†. As Macbeth’s ambition leads Macbeth into committing these horrendous murders. After killing the king he also kills Duncan’s servants to make it seem as if they killed the king and so no one would suspect him. â€Å"O, yet I do repent me of my fury, that I did kill them. † Act 2, Scene 3 (page 95) Macbeth claiming he killed the servants in rage however he killed them as they would of suspected him.Macbeth continues his heartless murders by hiring murderers to kill Banquo and Fleance as Macbeth becomes obsessed with Banquo’s prophecies that he will be, â€Å"Lesser than Macbeth, and greater. † Macbeth convinces the murderers that Banquo is there enemy and deserves to be killed. Machbeth promises the murderers that he will remove them from the general list and place them on the special list to move them from a low class of society and put them in the high class. Macbeth finally kills Macduffs family to get revenge as Macduff portrayed him by refusing to attend his banquet and leaving for England to seek military assistance to attack Macbeth.It is demonstrated that after killing the King Macbeth begins turning into a bloodthirsty murderer and therefore the description â€Å"the dead butcher† is an accurate description as this is all Macbeth amounts to. At the start of the play Lady Macbeth is devious and scheming, as she is determined Macbeth will become King but in the end Lady Macbeth is destroyed by ambition and greed as it turns her insane. Initiatly Lady Macbeth spurs Macbeth on as she believes Macbeth is not capable of murdering Duncan. Lady Macbeth plans Duncan’s murder and manipulates Macbeth into going ahead with it.However after the murder of Duncan Lady Macbeth becomes weak. Lady Macbeth is suffering from troubled sleep, nightmares, and loss of appetite. But hides the distress. But later on her guilt overpowers her and a doctor is employed to watch her. Lady Macbeth is hugely disturbed as she obsessed with washing her hands to clean the blood she sees and smells, speaks vivid recreations of the murders, sleepwalks and talks in her sleep. â€Å"This disease is beyond my practice. † Act 5, Scene 1 (page 213) The doctor cannot cure the mental disturbance and warns them he suspects she is suicidal.Lady Macbeth later on dies. It is demonstrated that ambition and greed turned Lady Macbeth from scheming and devious to weak and disturbed. The description â€Å"fiend-like queen,† is an accurate description as this is all Lady Macbeth amounts to. After the king’s murder Macbeth begins on the path to becoming the â€Å"dead butcherâ € . Ambition has turned him independent and ruthless. But this ambition destroys him as he becomes paranoid about anyone overthrowing him. Macbeth makes plans independently for Banquo and Fleance to be murdered and refuses to give Lady Macbeth any details.†Be innocent of the knowledge, dearest chuck, till thou appalled the deed.† Act 3, Scene 2 (page 129) Macbeth sends a third murderer to kill Banquo and Fleance as he no longer trusts anyone. Macbeth goes back to see the witches independently and demands that they answer his questions. The witches tell Macbeth to beware of Macduff; that he will not be killed of anyone born of woman; and he will be defeated only when the trees of Birnam wood move towards his castle. Macbeth decides to murder Macduff’s family to seek revenge as he has left for England.However soon after he becomes paranoid about anyone defeating him but the prophecies reassure him although everyone has deserted him. Macbeth’s arrogance con vinces him that he cannot be killed. However in the end Macduff explains that technically he was not born a woman as he was a caesarian. Macbeth realizes he is defeated but shows bravery as he refuses to surrender and will fight to his death. â€Å"Lay on, Macduff; And damn’d be him that first cries ‘Hold, enough! † Act 5, Scene 8 (page 249) It is demonstrated that Macbeth’s ambition to become king of Scotland turn’s him independent and ruthless.But this ambition destroys him as he becomes paranoid about anyone overthrowing him. â€Å"The dead butcher†, is an accurate description as this is all he amounts to. Together the Macbeth’s illustrate how ambition can a loyal soldier into a bloodthirsty murderer with his scheming and devious wife turning weak and disturbed as ambition slowly destroys her. Macbeth’s ambition to become king of Scotland turn’s him independent and ruthless. But in the end it is ambition destroys them both. â€Å"The dead butcher and fiend-like queen†, is an accurate description of Macbeth and Lady Macbeth as this is all they ever amount to.